Music has been a constant companion for humans for centuries, accompanying us even on a daily basis. However, it has never been as accessible as it is today. Unfortunately, as our world becomes noisier, finding quiet spaces for focused study has become increasingly challenging, especially for students. As a result, whether people are in the student library or at a corporate office, they often turn to music to aid concentration and boost productivity. But does music truly enhance focus, or is it just a distraction?
In this article, I aim to explore the complex relationship between music and studying, drawing on research findings and my own experiences, to provide insights into how music can be used effectively during study sessions and work tasks.
THE SCIENCE BEHIND MUSIC AND CONCENTRATION
Research into the effects of music on concentration reveals mixed results. One famous result is the Mozart Effect, for example, which suggests that listening to classical music can enhance cognitive performance temporarily, particularly in tasks related to spatial-temporal reasoning. However, other studies argue that these effects are modest and often short-lived.
Interestingly, studies have also shown that music can affect more than just human concentration. Research on plant growth has indicated that classical music helps plants grow faster compared to modern or louder genres like rock or pop. This finding suggests that classical music’s structure and soothing qualities may have a universal, calming effect that extends beyond humans to other living organisms.
When it comes to students, the effect of music varies depending on the individual, the nature of the task, and the type of music. For instance, energetic music with lyrics can be distracting for people while they read or write. In contrast, instrumental or classical music often creates a calm atmosphere that may enhance concentration, particularly for repetitive tasks or studying in noisy environments.
During my undergraduate studies, I frequently listened to classical music as a study aid while studying in the Rolex Library. I found that composers like Bach and Mozart significantly improved my focus. It may sound funny, but I didn’t feel the same concentration while listening to Chopin or Rachmaninoff, as their music is from the Romantic period and therefore played with more emotion. Nevertheless, I enjoyed them too and I rather chose them while reading summaries and used Bach for studying mathematics or statistics.
BENEFITS OF MUSIC FOR STUDY HABITS
For students, music can be an effective tool for creating a controlled environment that blocks out external disturbances. Libraries or shared study spaces can be noisy, and music can act as a buffer against these distractions, allowing students to maintain focus. This was a crucial factor for me during my studies, as the right background music enabled me to tune out my surroundings and immerse myself in the material. But everyone should and can do as they prefer. I also met a lot of people who can’t work at all with music.
THE DOWNSIDE: DISTRACTION AND OVERSTIMULATION
Despite these benefits, there are also downsides to using music while studying. Lyrics can be particularly problematic when you’re reading or writing, as your brain tries to process the words from both the text and the song simultaneously. This cognitive overload can make it challenging to concentrate effectively. That’s why I’ve rarely listened to songs and preferred classical music because otherwise I would have been singing in the library rather than studying.
Additionally, music that is too upbeat or emotional—like the intense compositions from Romantic composers—can overstimulate the brain. In my own experience, while I appreciate the emotive power of Chopin and Rachmaninoff, their music’s dynamic nature is better suited for relaxation or leisure than for focused study sessions. For tasks requiring deep concentration, it’s essential to choose music that enhances, rather than detracts from, your focus.
PRACTICAL TIPS FOR USING MUSIC EFFECTIVELY WHILE STUDYING
If you’re considering incorporating music into your study routine, here are some practical tips based on both scientific research and personal experience:
- Choose Instrumental Tracks: Avoid music with lyrics, as it can interfere with language-based tasks like reading or writing. Classical, jazz, lo-fi, or ambient music are excellent options.
- Match the Music to the Task: For repetitive or less demanding tasks, feel free to choose more upbeat music. However, for deep, focused work, opt for calming and precise instrumental music, such as Bach or Mozart.
- Experiment with Volume: Keep the volume low enough so that it remains in the background. Music should enhance focus, not dominate it.
- Create Personalized Playlists: Curate playlists that align with your work style and mood. Having a go-to playlist for focus can help you get into the study zone quickly and efficiently.
WHAT ABOUT THE WORKPLACE?
My love for music hasn’t stopped at university; I continue to use it as a productivity tool during my internship at L’Oréal. Whether I’m drafting reports or analyzing data, I enjoy having my music as a companion. I often find myself relying on the same classical pieces that helped me through my bachelor’s degree. At work, it provides a sense of continuity and comfort while helping me stay in the zone, even when tasks become repetitive or challenging.
After all, it also depends on your company and whether they allow it or not. However, I think most companies today have fairly open policies. Furthermore, it also depends on your tasks and daily schedule. If I have meetings or a day in the field, I won’t listen to music, but when I need to work on Excel files or other tasks that don’t involve interacting with others, it can be a very motivating factor for me.
CONCLUSION: FINDING YOUR MUSICAL FOCUS
So, does music help or hinder concentration? The answer largely depends on the individual, the type of task, and the genre of music chosen. In my experience, music has been an invaluable study aid and productivity tool, provided I carefully select tracks that enhance focus without becoming a distraction. By experimenting with different genres, such as classical music.
Ultimately, music can be a powerful ally in maintaining concentration, but it’s important to be mindful of your own preferences and how different genres affect your focus. As I’ve learned through my academic and professional journey, finding the right balance—using music to accompany, rather than dominate, your environment—can transform study and work sessions into enjoyable, productive experiences.